Broach



Feb. 10. 1925.

M. D. WILSON BROACH Filed Feb. 9, 1923 PATEN OFF-ICE.

jivrnunion n wmson, or nn'rriorr', MICHIGAN.

of that class of-,- metal working tools which are used toformlongitudinal grooves in the articles being. worked by; a; single stroke or longitudinalmovement otjthe tool,;.thelt0ol e g pr idedi th o e on more longitudi- 13 r w ztee incr a ing inz-dimensi n sothat each toothl- Qf; ,the grow will contribute to .the'p odue on ft thegroqve t .b.e:f0 fned n h iwo k-ai ITQ IQEQ l lis, character; are, usually ,employed; to; fol-m a A seriejsfgof longitudinal 2ogrooves in. the; interior, cylindrical surfaces or boresgof gears an d icouplin s-to receive the spl fo m d. n he .:s a% s 011:1 which such members; are longitudinally gslidable. ,The corners andfsides Off the cuttingteeth of such, tools ,wear, thereby; reducing their width ,so I -,that.;the grooves glformed thereby become, narrower {until the 3 permitted wariance, which is usuallyv onlyia few thousanths of an inch, is ,soon exceeded.1;.When ,this occurs'the -tool becomes usless forthat particular line of work; 1; The object of the present invention is to provide one end of such tools with adjustable; portions sothat l -the? teeth carried k herebytee ibe ed l ally ti o thegotherj teeth -of the respective rows to 5 which they'bjelong so that the; grooves formed by the teeth of each row will be of the desired ,width. y 4 W This inventiont-herefore consists v in a cutting tool embodying a main or body portion havingone or morejlongitudinal rows of cutting teeth, a plurality of secondary or auxiliary members mounted thereon and each having one or moreteeth for eachrow of teeth onthe body of the tool, and means for varying the lateral adjustment of the teeth on the" secondary members relative to the teeth on the main portion of the tool.

It further consists in a substantially cylindrical cutting. tool embodying .a body having longitudinal rows of cutting teeth :;-Appficatlon medIebruai-y 9,1923. Seria 1'No.61 8,129. f

" i phonon;

a reduced cylindrical portion, a plurality of collars rotatably mounted on the reduced portion of the main member and having cutting'teeth so spaced circumferentially as toaline with the rowsof teeth on the mam member,-means torotate said collars on the main member relative to eachother,

and means to secure the collars in position.

It also consists in the details of construction illustrated in the accompanying drawing and particularlypointed outin this claims.

In'the drawing, Fig; 1.is an elevation of gone end of a'broach embodying the, present invention. iFig. 12 is alongitudinal-section jof a portion; thereof and an elevation of the jremaindenz. Fig.- 3- -is a section on the a line 3 3 of Fig. ,of the adjusting devices. r Similar" reference characters refer, to like parts throughout the several views- .-.Th drawing shows merely .the broach which finishes the grooves. .Such ,tools are usually several feet long andare provided with longitudinal rows of teeth 1 integral with the body portion 2.. The

-Eig. 4 is a plan'of one that end "5r lteeth. usually increase in height and sometimes in width from the entering end to the finishing end, but as the present invention has to do only with the finishing end, the entering end is not shown. The. finishing end 3 of tool is turnedv down to receive the adjustable collars 4, 5 and 6, which are provided with teethA, v5, 6? spaced circumferentially tonormally alinelwith the several rows of teeth on the body 2 of the tool. These teeth on the collars are shown'arranged spirally to take advantage of the peculiar cutting effect of teeth of this type, and if such teeth are used, the lead ofthe spirals is reversed on adjacent collars.

The end 7 of the reduced portion 8 is preferably threaded to receive the nut S which serves as an abutment for these collars. The two ends of the collar 5 and the 'endsof the collars 4 and 6 contacting theresurface Z) of each collar contacts with thev the body of the transverse radial surface of the adjacent collar. This collar may be formed with flats 9 to receive a Wrench.

The transverse surfaces 'Of these collars are connected by-1; the longitudinal;sunfaces at, tfiifi 5%, 6? "and 6 and these *"sui'faces of adjacent collars are spaced apartitoad-h mit the adjusting and vlocking devices Ad jacent longitudinalsurfaces cl and may slope toward each other outwardly so ag to hold the adjusting and locking devices in position. The adjusting devicesconsist ot-V. the elliptical heads 12 having cylindrical stems' l3 adapted to closely fit-in lthe cy lin; drical recesses 11 in the reduced' portionfi ofw the'rtoolbody These heads may' loe formed 'with' recesses 15' to receive proper tools. The locking members 16 are similar to the heads 12 but have no stems-asithey are intended to float. The'part' 3 of the broach is preferably formed: with-flats 14' on which the heads-12 and locking members 16 may rest. i 1 1 1. hen T the parts' are initially assembled, the teeth 43", 5 and 5 are preferably of 'such dimensions-that they-will finishthe grooves thatare to be c ut.- But'as their corners and sides yvear, "their width reduced; The lock-ingmembers "16 aref' then turned until their majoraxes are parallelfto the axis of 'the tool'*'and the 'adjustin'g' {heads 12 re turned to bring their'niajo'raXes at an angle to the"axis' of 'thetoo']. This sepa" rates the-surfaces 4 and 5-ot' the longitudinal extensions andth'e surfacesfii and 6,

while it causes the surfaces "5 on the'oppd site side of the tool to approachthe surfaces 4 and 6 The result 'is that" the teeth" 4 and 6 'move circumferentiallyof the toolin one direction and the teeth 5 move the same distance"in the other direction andflefiectively increase the cutting Width-Of the' teeth of each longitudinal row which, are" attached to these collars. lifter the collars are ad jusi ed the lo'cking members'areturned to force a p art the surfaces "'6' and Y "thereb lock thecollars in'position. 1

It is "evident that these? collars can be made-oi? highspeedsteel and \vill'have long life and when Worn out can be replaced-at moderate cost. Thelength'of these collars, their'nu'mber" and the other details-of the construction of this 'broach 'canflall be changed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit o't'my invention set forth in'the following claims.

I claim:-

1. In a cutting tool, the combination of a body having longitudinal rows'of cutting teeth anda reduced cylindrical end, a ,plu rality ofcollars rotatably mountedonthe cylindrical end and having teeth normally in alinement with the teeth on the body of the-tofol, and means to rotate the collars on said-"body.

2. In a cutting tool, the combination of a body having longitudinal rows of cutting teeth and a reduced cylindrical end, a plurality of collarsrotatably mounted on the cylindricaL end and having.-;teeth;normally inaalinement with the teeth ontthe body of the tool, and means to rotate the collars on said body relative. to each other and to lock said collars from" rotating.

In a cutting tool, the combination of a body having longitudinal rows of cutting teeth5aand a .1 reduced cylindrical end, a plurality of collars rotatably mounted on said cylindrical endand having over-lapping longitudinal extensions and teeth normally Fin alinement 1 with the 'teeth' onthe body; and' adjusting members between the longitudinal :extensions .jof' adjacent collars adapted" to rotate said collars; on" the body relative to each other.-

"9 4. In=a'cuttingtool; the combination of a main body ;sportionhaving a longitudi nal 'g row- -"of cutting. sw ths-n l plurality ma'in body portion and having te et'li i nor- 'Iiiallyi in} alinem'ent with {the teeth' on the body portion; andam ans td-move thea iti iaary members' anthe -main the te'e'th' o'n th'eauxiliary niember's' lateral-ly relative to the teeth on the body p'ortions" 5. In -a-'cutting=tool;= the combination of a ma l -body portion 'having a longitudinal -row of'cii-ttingteeth, a: plurality of; auxiliary members mounted on 'the maini body-"portion having teeth normallyin alinement with the teeth on the body portion, 1 and 'means to IIIOYG' -thB auxiliary members on 'the" main portion to carry the teeth on the auxiliary .1ne11ibe'rs=jlaterally relative to' the teeth on the body porti0 n said adjusting means comprising elliptical and rotatable heads.

1 -'6. -In-ai' broach, the-combination of a body having' longitudinalnowsof cutting teeth and a reduced cylindrical end; arplurality of collars rfotatably mounted on the cylindrical end. and having teeth normally in alinement with-the teeth on the body of the broach,

ineans torotate'the collars on said b dmand an abutment secured on the end of said body =to"receive" the' thrust of the cbllarsi TJ In-a cutting tool,="the combinationiof a body having longitudinal rows of cutting teeth and areduced cylindrical end, aplurow of cutting teeth, a plurality of auxiliary members mounted on the main body portion and having teeth normally in alinement with the teeth on the body portion, means to move the auxiliary members on the main body portion to carry the teeth on the auxiliary members laterally relative to the teeth on the body portion, and locking means to secure the auxiliary members in position on the main body portion, said adjusting and 10 locking means comprising elliptical and r0- tatable heads adapted when rotated to move the teeth on the auxiliary members laterally in opposite directions.

MAURICE D. WILSON. 

